Keyword : Media Control .Ownership Control .Legislations .Regulatory Agencies .Freedom of the Press.
Author(s) : Ifedayo Daramola
Abstract :
Media control is not limited to ownership control as erroneously conceived. This is misleading because media control takes different form and shape depending on the political system of a country as espoused in the four theories of the press. Starting from the 15th century when mass circulated press began, authorities in Europe had been opposed to freedom of expression and that of the press. Hence, several draconian measures were introduced to control the press. These measures appeared in form of arbitrary press legislations, confiscation of printed newspapers and news magazines, outright ban of publication, imprisonment and sometimes execution of the journalist involved. These measures were also adopted by military and one party government in other climes up till the 20th century. Radio and television stations are not exempted. The first newspaper in Nigeria began in 1859 but from 1862, the colonial governor had stepped up effort to control the press by directing the secretary of state in London to stop Anglo African, the second newspaper from coming out. Apart from these legislations, media owners also control their ventures through several measures to protect their interests. Besides, there exist regulatory agencies and professional journalism associations which monitor and regulate the performance of the press. This paper recommends that media practitioners should adhere to their professional codes of ethics which, in the first instance, are subtle measures of self-control. Government and media proprietors should respect media practitioners’ ethical decision as professionals in their own right.
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